Tag: DNA

Human aging: aging is an inexorable law in the process of the development of human life, under normal circumstances, people began aging in thirty-year-old, the aging reasons are as following: telomeres shorten and telomerase close, the nucleus of the human chromosome have a DNA substance called telomeres in the chromosomes of the terminal, it is like a life clock, regulate cell growth and apoptosis. With growing age, telomere due to the continuous cell mitosis become shorter and shorter; every time the cells divided, the telomere shortening a little, when shortened to nothing, the cells stop dividing, the life of the cell also finished. Aging is caused by telomere shortening and telomerase close.
Saccharification of protein: protein glycation denature and condenses the protein. After protein denaturation, it is easy to cause blockage activity within cells disappear, shorten the life of the whole cell.
The damaging effects of free radicals: the main damage of free radicals is to the mitochondria within cells, because of free redicals damage the mitochondria in the cells, in the metabolic process, cell metabolism diminished or disappeared. Therefore, after lack of cell energy, there are no energy for cell metabolism, then the cell death. Due to these three reasons above, human become aging.
Anti-aging effects of glutathione: according to glutathione supplier, glutathione can improve or promote the secretion body interleukin (human growth hormone). Body interleukin can regulate slow telomere shortening and extend the lifespan of cells, so as to achieve the extension of the person’s life.
As a cosmetic raw material, glutathione is a powerful antioxidant, can fight free radical damage, mitochondrial DNA, repair mitochondrial DNA damaged; so that make the cell division cycle and cell life extension. Glutathione scavenging free radicals, enhanced glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation process sugar, also inhibited the protein, fat glycosylated gluconeogenesis been alleviated, the protein invariance. Glutathione is an endogenous poison antidote: glutathione eliminate cells in the normal metabolism of oxygen toxicity, is borrowed from peroxide to relieve the toxicity of the hydroxyl radical.
Heterogeneous biological compounds is exogenous poison antidote: the heterogeneous biological compounds such as Ganoderma class, propolis, cordyceps, marine biology, plant Ginseng, Pollen, beans, vegetable protein, and so heterogeneous biological compounds; vitamins C, E, A, -carotene, selenium and so on, are the things that body do not have, namely that the vitro things, into the human body and combined with the toxins or heavy metals in the body, should be expel from the body, part of them will expel from the body with human gastrointestinal, but the others also accumulating in vivo, then into bile or fluid from the feces out of the body in the role of glutathione. So, when we poisoning because of take painkillers or other drugs overdose, detected glutathione in vivo plasma is apparent lacking, it is due to glutathione on metabolic detoxification.
Source:http://www.cosprm.com

Although L-carnosine was discovered in Russia in 1900, it is only relatively recently that its function in the human body has been recognized. This was as a result of research in the UK, USA, Australia, Japan and Russia, and now some of its amazing properties have come to light biochemists are seeking to determine what other important parts it is playing in mammalian biology.

So what is this wonderful material known as L-carnosine? From its name it is obviously an amino acid, although in fact it is a dipeptide, a combination of two amino acids, namely L-histidine and beta-alanine. However, one of the amazing facts of these two amino acids is when they decombine from L-carnosine into themselves again, they possess properties significantly enhanced over those they possessed prior to combining to form carnosine. Although they seem identical before and after, somehow the combination to L-carnosine and then breaking down into their individual parts again appears to have imparted them with enhanced properties.

What are these properties of L-carnosine that have got the scientists so excited? In fact carnosine is believed to possess a large number of properties due to it being able to change itself into a number of compounds that each has an effect on a number of our biological functions.

Details of some of these will be discussed later, but among them are the ability to detoxify the body of harmful metal compounds, fight allergies, increase the flow of blood to the brain, protect cell membranes from the effect of free radicals, and it also possesses strong antioxidant properties. There is more, in fact too many to discuss in an article as short as this. However, let’s first discuss its effect on glycation.

What is glycation? Also known as glycosylation, glycation is the binding of glucose and a protein molecule, resulting in the protein structure being changed, and its biological activity being reduced, or destroyed altogether. It can lead to several age-related diseases and conditions, such as hardening of the arteries, cataracts and a reduction in neurological activity. Known also as the Maillard reaction, this is a major cause of aging and it is believed that it could also contribute to cancer.

Diabetics are particularly prone to glycation, and the final products of this combination of glucose and proteins are referred to as an advanced glycation end products, appropriately referred to by the acronym AGEs. These AGEs can crosslink with neighboring proteins to form a tough mass of tissue. Any body organ depending upon flexible tissue for its proper function will hence be affected, and when combined with a side effect of glycation being a massive increase in free radical activity, arteries, some nerves, the kidneys and parts of the eyes come under particular attack.

This results in corneal problems, renal degradation, inflammation and problems with the arteries, many of which are life-threatening and can cause premature aging. The use of glycation inhibitors can significantly reduce or even prevent many of the effects that aging can cause. The chemical structure of L-carnosine is very similar to that of the proteins attacked by glycating agents, and can be used to inhibit the glycation effect.

Another thing that carnosine can do is to tag affected proteins for proteolysis, or their rapid removal from the cells they can affect. By using a supplement of L-carnosine, not only do the carnosine molecules attract those glucose molecules that would otherwise attach to proteins, but also help to remove such affected proteins from body cells before they can do damage by cross linking with other proteins. This tagging process is known as carnosinylation.

Because of these properties, carnosine can be used to treat several complications of diabetes, such as arteriosclerosis, cataracts and kidney disease and can also be used by normally healthy people to delay some the effects of aging, because AGEs is responsible for some of the effects of normal aging, not only in diabetics.

A significant property of the amino acid is its maintenance of the integrity of DNA structure. DNA suffers progressive oxidative degradation with age, the effect cumulating over time. Using carnosine as a supplement can help to reduce this effect. Not only does it prevent the cross-link age of DNA and proteins, but also possesses strong antioxidant properties that can destroy even the most powerful free radicals such as the so-called superoxide, peroxides and the hydroxyl radical.

L-Carnosine also has a rejuvenation effect on connective tissue, and is of particular use in the healing of wounds. Not only that, but as cells reach the end of their ability to divide, known as senescence, carnosine can help to extend their life and restore their normal appearance. It also helps prevent the cross-linking of skin collagen, and helped the skin to retain its elasticity with less likelihood of wrinkling.

Alzheimer’s sufferers possess abnormal quantities of beta-amyloid in their brains, and carnosine appears to protect the brain from cell damage and plaques formed by this substance. That is not to suggest that the amino acid can be used to cure Alzheimer’s, or even treat it, but it does suggest that a supplement can go some way towards preventing or slowing down its occurrence.

Among other claims made for this amazing substance is anti-cancer properties, protection against cellular damage from radiation and that it may be of use in treating autistic children. However more research is required in these potential applications before any significant claims can be justified.

All in all, it is its anti-aging properties of L-carnosine that render it such an attractive supplement to most people. Not only can it help existing conditions and make it less liable for diabetics to suffer certain premature aging effects, but it can delay the effects of aging in otherwise healthy people. This is as a result of its strong antioxidant effect, its inhibiting effect on glycation and its protection of DNA.

L-Carnosine is without a doubt one of the more attractive of the amino acid supplements available today, as would be expected of any substance claiming to possess any of the properties of the Holy Grail of perpetual youth. L-Carnosine is available in supplement form at your local or internet health food store.

Aging is a process where certain changes occur and manifest in all the organs of the body. The only organ where these signs of aging remain visible is on the outer surface is the skin. The appearance of freckles, fine lines, dark spots, wrinkles all mark the onset of the aging. These signs not only accompany the growing age but, in some cases can result from neglecting the skin.

Apart from getting older, disease, lack of nutrition (antioxidants and vitamins A, D, E), exposure to environmental pollutants and UV rays can also cause premature aging of the skin. Skin needs to be protected against these factors to avoid such cases of premature aging of the skin.

Anti aging treatment
Diet has an important role in keeping the skin healthy. Food rich in vitamins, anti oxidants and essential oils can help the delay of the onset of this aging process. A regular exercise routine also aids in keeping the skin young and healthy. Apart from these our skin needs to be properly moisturized and exfoliated to get rid of the collected dead skin and other debris. All the above comes under the daily routine for skin care or steps to delay the aging process.

Aging and changes in DNA
With growing age there occurs a shortage of certain enzymes and metabolites in the body which are necessary to keep the skin healthy, smooth, and tight. The facial muscles become lose and this leads to appearance of wrinkles. All these delimiting changes first occur in the DNA of the body and then manifest as signs on the skin. Same is true when our skin is exposed to pollutants and UV rays which again damage the DNA and thus cause skin problems like aging, diseases and in some cases skin cancer.

DNA repair and anti aging
Once the aging process begins the symptoms can be taken care of by treating them with anti aging creams and lotions which treat and mask aging spots, wrinkles or fine lines. There are many such products available in the market, which promise to take care of the aging skin and assure you a healthy younger looking skin. There are products like DNA repair serums which help repair the damaged caused to the DNA and thus help you get rid of the damaged skin (spots, wrinkles, and fine lines). This serum is a mixture of repair enzymes and antioxidants which works to treat the root cause of the aging process thus effectively treats the damaged DNA and also at the same time promotes the growth of new healthy cells.

You must make sure to avoid over exposure of skin to any kind of environmental pollutants. Over exposure to pollutants makes it necessary to use certain sun blocking creams or lotions while outside and if sun damage occurs it should be carefully treated with the many available creams on the market.